He aha ke ʻano o nā uwea pūnaewele moana

Ma hope o ka hoʻokomo ʻana i ka ʻike kumu ouwea pūnaewele moanai ka pukana mua, i kēia lā e hoʻomau mākou i ka hoʻolauna ʻana i ke ʻano kikoʻī o nā uea pūnaewele moana.ʻO ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo nā uea pūnaewele maʻamau i haku ʻia me nā mea hoʻokele, nā papa hoʻokaʻawale, nā ʻāpana pale, a me nā ʻūhā o waho, ʻoiai nā kaula pūnaewele i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i haku ʻia me nā mea hoʻokele, nā ʻāpana hoʻokaʻawale, nā ʻāpana pale, nā puʻu o loko, nā ʻāpana pale, a me nā pūwaha waho.Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ʻaʻole i loaʻa i nā kaula pūnaewele pale wale kahi papa o ka pale kaua i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā kaula pūnaewele maʻamau, akā loaʻa pū kekahi ʻāpana o ka puʻu i loko.Ma hope aʻe, e lawe mākou i kēlā me kēia i kēlā me kēia pae e loaʻa i kahi ʻike hohonu o nā uwea pūnaewele moana.

1. Ke alakai

ʻO kamea o ka uwea uweaHiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā conductors i ke keleawe tinned, ke keleawe maʻemaʻe, ka uea alumini, ke alumini keleawe keleawe, ka hao keleawe, a me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe.Wahi a ka IEC 61156-5-2020 maʻamau, pono e hoʻohana ʻia nā conductors keleawe annealed paʻa me nā anawaena ma waena o 0.4mm a me 0.65mm no nā kaula pūnaewele.I ka manawa like, ua piʻi ka poʻe i nā koi kiʻekiʻe no ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻouna ʻana a me ke kūpaʻa o nā kaula pūnaewele.ʻO nā mea hoʻokele me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa e like me ke uea alumini, ke alumini ʻaʻahu keleawe, a me ka hao keleawe i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka mākeke, me nā mea keleawe a me nā mea keleawe ʻole e noho ana i ka hapa nui o ka mākeke.Hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā conductors keleawe maʻemaʻe, ʻoi aku ka paʻa o ke keleawe tinned a hiki ke pale aku i ka corrosion o nā conductors e ka oxidation, kemika, a me ka haʻahaʻa, e mālama ai i ke kūpaʻa kaapuni.
Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ke ʻano o ka conductor cable network i ka conductor paʻa a me ka conductor stranded.E like me ka inoa e hōʻike nei, pili ka conductor paʻa i kahi uea keleawe hoʻokahi, aʻo ka conductor stranded i haku ʻia me nā uea keleawe liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi i ʻōwili ʻia i kahi ʻano spiral, concentric.ʻO ka ʻokoʻa koʻikoʻi ma waena o nā conductors stranded a me nā conductors solid ʻo kā lākou hana hoʻouna.Ma muli o ka nui o ka ʻāpana keʻa o ka uea, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka poho hoʻokomo.No laila, ʻo ka attenuation o nā conductors stranded he 20% -50% ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o nā conductors paʻa.A inevitably aia nā āpau ma waena o nā kaula keleawe i loko o ka conductor i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, e hopena i ke kūpaʻa DC kiʻekiʻe.I ka hapa nui o nā hiʻohiʻona, hoʻohana nā ʻenekinia i nā uea pūnaewele conductor paʻa.I ka wā e hālāwai ai me nā kūlana kūikawā e koi ana i nā wahi haiki a me nā wili maʻalahi, e hoʻohana lākou i nā conductors stranded maʻalahi e hoʻokō i nā koi hoʻonohonoho.
ʻO ka hapa nui o nā uwea pūnaewele e hoʻohana i ʻelua kikoʻī o nā conductors: 23AWG (0.57mm) a me 24AWG (0.51mm).Hoʻohana ʻo CAT5E i nā mea hoʻokele 24AWG, ʻoiai ʻo CAT6, CAT6A, CAT7, a me CAT7A e koi aku i ka hana hoʻouna ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, no laila e hoʻohana ʻia nā conductors 23AWG.ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole hoʻokaʻawale nā ​​​​mea kikoʻī IEC i nā kikoʻī uea no nā ʻano ʻano o nā kaula pūnaewele.ʻOiai ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kaʻina hana a me ka hoʻokō ʻana o ka hoʻouna ʻana i nā koi, kūpono nā conductors 24AWG no CAT6 a ma luna o nā kelepona pūnaewele.

2. Hoʻokuʻu

Hoʻohana nui ʻia ka papa insulation o ke kelepona pūnaewele e pale i ka leakage o nā hōʻailona i ka wā o ka hoʻouna ʻana i ke kaula, a laila e pale aku i ka leakage data.E like me ka IEC60092-360 maʻamau a me nā kikoʻī wiring home e like me GB / T 50311-2016, polyethylene kiʻekiʻe (HDPE) a i ʻole polyethylene (PE Foam) mea hoʻohana maʻamau e like me nā mea insulation no nā uwea pūnaewele moana.ʻO ka polyethylene kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe he kūpaʻa maikaʻi loa i ke kiʻekiʻe a me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, nā waiwai mechanical ikaika, kiʻekiʻe dielectric mau, a me ke koʻikoʻi kaiapuni maikaʻi.Ma muli o kāna hana maikaʻi loa, hoʻohana nui ʻia.ʻO ka polyethylene Foamed he kūpono ia no nā uwea pūnaewele hoʻouna kiʻekiʻe me CAT6A a ma luna o nā kikoʻī ma muli o kāna mau waiwai dielectric maikaʻi.

3. Iwi kea

ʻO ka iwi keʻa, ʻike ʻia hoʻi ʻo ke keʻa keʻa, hoʻohana ʻia no ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā pālua ʻehānā uwea pūnaewelema nā ʻaoʻao ʻehā, e hōʻemi ana i ke kamaʻilio ʻana ma waena o nā pālua;Hoʻokumu ʻia ke keʻa keʻa me HDPE me ke anawaena o 0.5mm.ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o ka ʻāpana 6 a ma luna o nā kelepona pūnaewele i ka hōʻailona "noise" ma muli o ka pono e hoʻouna i ka ʻikepili o 1Gps a i ʻole.ʻO nā koi kiʻekiʻe no ka hiki ke anti-interference o nā kaula.No laila, no ka Māhele 6 a ma luna o nā uwea pūnaewele ʻaʻole hoʻohana i ka pale uea alumini alumini, e hoʻohana ʻia kahi kaʻawale iwi keʻa o ʻehā mau uea.
Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻohe hoʻohana ʻana i kahi iwi keʻa no nā uwea pūnaewele ʻo Category 5 a me nā kaula pūnaewele i pale ʻia me nā hui alumini alumini.No ka mea, ʻaʻole nui ka bandwidth hoʻoili o ke kelepona pūnaewele ʻo Super Five ponoʻī, hiki i ke ʻano o ka hui wili o ke kaula ponoʻī ke hoʻokō i nā koi anti-interference.No laila, ʻaʻohe pono o ka iwi keʻa.ʻO ka alumini alumini i hoʻohana ʻia no ka pale ʻana i ke kaula pūnaewele ponoʻī hiki ke pale i ka hoʻopili electromagnetic kiʻekiʻe.No laila, ʻaʻohe pono e hoʻohana i ka iwi kea.He kuleana ko ke kaula tensile i ka pale ʻana i ke kaula pūnaewele mai ka hohola ʻana a pili i kāna hana.I kēia manawa, hoʻohana nui nā mea hana kelepona nui i ka fiberglass a i ʻole nā ​​kaula nylon e like me nā kaula tensile.

4. Palekana

ʻO ka papa pale o ke kaula pūnaewele e pili ana i ka alumini alumini a me ka ulana mesh, a ʻo ka pale pale i hoʻohana nui ʻia e pale i ka hoʻopili electromagnetic a hōʻoia i ka hoʻouna ʻana i ka hōʻailona paʻa.ʻO ka pale pale o kahi pale hoʻokahiuwea pūnaewelehoʻokahi wale nō papa o ka alumini pepa, me ka mānoanoa ʻaʻole i emi iho ma mua o 0.012mm a me ka nui o ka uhi ʻana ʻaʻole emi ma lalo o 20%.ʻO kahi papa kiʻiʻoniʻoni PET, i ʻike nui ʻia ʻo Mylar, e uhi ʻia ma waena o ke kaula a me ka pahu aluminika pale pale hoʻokahi e hoʻokaʻawale i ke kahe o kēia manawa ma waena o ke kaula a me ka papa pale metala a pale i ka nui o ke au mai ka hōʻino ʻana i ke kaula.ʻElua mau ʻano o nā uwea pūnaewele pale ʻelua, hoʻokahi ʻo SF/UTP (ka pale ʻana o waho + alumini foil pale holoʻokoʻa), a ʻo kekahi ʻo S/FTP (kuhi waho + uea i ka pale pale hapa alumini).Hoʻokumu ʻia nā mea ʻelua me ka alumini alumini a me ka ulana mesh, kahi i hana ʻia ai ka mesh i hana ʻia me ka uea keleawe tinned me ke anawaena ʻaʻole i emi iho ma mua o 0.5mm, a hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia ka mea ulana ulana e like me nā koi kaiapuni.ʻO ka maʻamau, aia kekahi mau mea hoʻohana maʻamau e like me 45%, 65%, a me 80%.Wahi a ka IEC60092-350 hoʻolālā maʻamau no nā kaula moana, pono e hoʻohui ʻia kahi uea hoʻopaʻa ʻia e pili ana me ka ʻili metala o ka papa pale i kahi uea pūnaewele pale hoʻokahi no ka pale ʻana i ka pōʻino static, ʻoiai ʻaʻole e hoʻohui ʻia kahi uea pūnaewele pale pālua. pono e hoʻohui ʻia e like me ka hiki ke hoʻokuʻu i ka uila paʻa i ka ʻāpana braid metala.

5. ʻO ke kapa kila

ʻO ke kaula pūnaewele Armoured e pili ana i ke kaula pūnaewele me kahi mea metala pale pale pale.ʻO ke kumu o ka hoʻohui ʻana i kahi papa kaua i ke kaula pūnaewele ʻaʻole wale ia e hoʻonui i ka pale mechanical e like me ka ikaika tensile a me ka ikaika compressive e hoʻonui i kona ola lawelawe, akā e hoʻomaikaʻi pū i ka hana anti-interference ma o ka pale pale.ʻO ke ʻano mea kaua o nā kelepona ʻoihana moana ka mea i ulana nui ʻia, i hana ʻia me ka uea kila galvanized, uea keleawe, uea keleawe i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, a i ʻole uea keleawe i kū i ke kūlana ISO7959-2.Ma ke kaʻina hana maoli, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā mea kaua uea i hana ʻia me ka ulana kila kila (GSWB) a me ka ulana uea keleawe tinned (TCWB).He ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka mīkini GSWB a ʻoi aku ke kūpaʻa i nā wela kiʻekiʻe, e kūpono ana i nā wahi me nā koi kiʻekiʻe no ka ikaika o ke kaula;ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o ka mea TCWB, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, akā haʻahaʻa ka ikaika, a kūpono i nā wahi me nā koi kiʻekiʻe no ka paʻakikī o ke kaula.

6. Kāleka

ʻO ka puʻu waho o kauwea pūnaeweleʻike nui ʻia ʻo ia ka pūwaha waho.ʻO kāna hana, ʻo ia ke kāwili ʻana i nā ʻehā ʻehā o nā uwea pūnaewele ma kahi ākea, e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka wili ʻana, a me ka pale ʻana i nā ʻehā ʻehā o nā uwea pūnaewele.Pono ka puʻu o waho i kahi hiʻohiʻona poepoe a ʻano like ʻole, e hana ana i kahi paʻa homogeneous holoʻokoʻa, a uhi ʻia nā ʻāpana ma lalo.I ka ʻili ʻana i ka puʻu o waho, ʻaʻole ia e hōʻino i ka insulation kūloko a i ʻole ka pale.Wahi a nā koi o ka DNV Classification Society, ʻo ka mānoanoa o ka ʻili o waho o ke kaulahao pūnaewele moana Dt=0.04 · Df (ka anawaena o waho o ka hale o loko o ka sheath) + 0.5mm, a ʻo ka mānoanoa liʻiliʻi he 0.7mm.ʻO ka mea hoʻoheheʻe o nā kaula pūnaewele moana he haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa halogen-free flame retardant polyolefin (LSZH), i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ʻekolu mau ʻāpana: LSZH-SHF1, LSZH-SHF2, a me LSZH-SHF2 MUD, a hoʻokō i ka pae waiwai i kuhikuhi ʻia ma IEC60092 -360.Ke puhi ʻia ka mea LSZH, haʻahaʻa loa ka nui o ka uahi a ʻaʻole i loaʻa nā halogens (fluorochlorobromine iodine astatine), no laila ʻaʻole ia e hoʻohua i nā kinoea ʻona.ʻO ka helu mua i hōʻike ʻia ʻo LSZH-SHF1 ka mea maʻamau a kūpono no ka hapa nui o nā kaiapuni maʻamau i loko, ʻoiai ʻo LSZH-SHF2 a me LSZH-SHF2 MUD kūpono no nā kaiapuni ʻoi aku ka koʻikoʻi, e like me FPSO a me nā mea kanu mana waho.