Ikoreshwa ryubwato bwa tekinoroji yo guhuza icyambu

Moteri yingoboka yubwato isanzwe ikoreshwa mugutanga amashanyarazi mugihe ubwato butangiye guhaza ingufu zubwato.Imbaraga zikenerwa mubwoko butandukanye bwubwato buratandukanye.Usibye ingufu z'imbere mu gihugu zisabwa n'abakozi, amato ya kontineri nayo akeneye gutanga amashanyarazi muri firigo;Ubwato rusange butwara imizigo nabwo bugomba gutanga ingufu kuri crane iri mubwato, kubwibyo rero hari itandukaniro rinini ryumutwaro mubisabwa byamashanyarazi yubwoko butandukanye bwubwato, kandi rimwe na rimwe hashobora gukenerwa ingufu nyinshi.Moteri ifasha marine izasohoza imyanda myinshi ihumanya mugikorwa cyakazi, cyane cyane karuboni ya dioxyde (CO2), okiside ya azote (OYA) na okiside ya sulfuru (SO), izanduza ibidukikije.Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe n’umuryango mpuzamahanga wita ku nyanja (IMO) bwerekana ko amato akoreshwa na mazutu ku isi yose asohora toni miliyoni icumi za OYA na SO mu kirere buri mwaka, bigatera umwanda ukomeye;Byongeye kandi, umubare ntarengwa wa CO woherezwa n’ubwikorezi bwo mu nyanja ku isi ni munini, kandi umubare wa CO2 wasohotse urenze imyuka ihumanya ikirere buri mwaka mu bihugu byashyizwe ku rutonde rwa Kyoto;Muri icyo gihe, nk'uko amakuru abivuga, urusaku ruterwa no gukoresha imashini zifasha amato ku cyambu na rwo ruzatera umwanda ibidukikije.

Kugeza ubu, ibyambu mpuzamahanga byateye imbere byifashishije ikoranabuhanga ry’ingufu zikurikirana kandi bikabishyira mu bikorwa mu buryo bw’amategeko.Ubuyobozi bw'icyambu cya Los Angeles muri Amerika bwemeje amategeko [1] guhatira itumanaho ryose rifite ububasha bwo gukoresha ikoranabuhanga ry’amashanyarazi ku nkombe;Muri Gicurasi 2006, Komisiyo y’Uburayi yemeje umushinga w’itegeko 2006/339 / EC, wasabye ko ibyambu by’Uburayi bikoresha ingufu z’inyanja mu gutanga amato.Mu Bushinwa, Minisiteri y’ubwikorezi nayo ifite ibisabwa bisa n’amabwiriza.Muri Mata 2004, icyahoze ari Minisiteri y’ubwikorezi cyasohoye Amabwiriza agenga imikorere n’imicungire y’icyambu, cyasabye ko ingufu z’inyanja n’izindi serivisi zigomba gutangwa ku mato yo mu cyambu.

Byongeye kandi, ukurikije ba nyir'ubwato, izamuka ry’ibiciro bya peteroli mpuzamahanga biterwa no kubura ingufu nabyo bituma igiciro cyo gukoresha amavuta ya lisansi kugirango gitange amashanyarazi kumato yegera icyambu azamuka.Niba hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga ry’amashanyarazi ku nkombe, ikiguzi cyo gukora amato yegera icyambu azagabanuka, hamwe n’ubukungu bwiza.

Kubera iyo mpamvu, icyambu gikoresha ikoranabuhanga ry’ingufu zo ku nkombe, ritujuje gusa ibisabwa n’igihugu n’inganda mu rwego rwo kubungabunga ingufu no kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere, ariko kandi byujuje ibyifuzo by’inganda kugabanya ibiciro by’ibikorwa, kuzamura ubushobozi bw’imishinga no kubaka “icyambu kibisi”.