1.Iriburiro
Wigeze wibaza uburyo amato afite umutekano nubwo afite amashanyarazi agenda igihe cyose mumazi?Nibyo, igisubizo cyibyoinsinga z'amashanyarazi zo mu nyanja.Uyu munsi tuzareba ubwoko butandukanye bw'insinga z'amashanyarazi zo mu nyanja nuburyo ari ngombwa mu nganda zo mu nyanja.
Umugozi w'amashanyarazi wo mu nyanja ni ingenzi cyane mu mikorere myiza kandi inoze ya sisitemu y'amashanyarazi ku bwato, amato, ndetse n'andi mato yo mu nyanja.Intsinga kabuhariwe zigira uruhare runini mugukwirakwiza amashanyarazi no gukumira ingaruka z’amashanyarazi mu bidukikije byo mu nyanja bigoye.
Inyanja yuzuye amazi yumunyu.Ibi bintu byombi, umunyu, namazi, birinda gukoresha insinga zisanzwe.Amazi azatera ibishashi, imiyoboro ngufi, n'amashanyarazi, mugihe umunyu uzangirika buhoro buhoro kugeza igihe ugaragaye.Umugozi w'amashanyarazi wo mu nyanja ninzira yo kujya kubintu byose byamashanyarazi hanze yinyanja.
2.KutumvaUmugozi w'amashanyarazi yo mu nyanja
Hariho ubwoko bwinshi bw'insinga z'amashanyarazi zo mu nyanja ziraboneka, buri cyashizweho kubikorwa byihariye.Harimo imbaraga, kugenzura, itumanaho, ninsinga zikoreshwa.
Gusobanukirwa itandukaniro nintego zubwoko bwa kabili nibyingenzi muguhitamo insinga zibereye sisitemu y'amashanyarazi yo mu nyanja.
Intsinga z'amashanyarazi ninsinga ziremereye zitwara voltage nyinshi kuva kuri generator.Bakwirakwiza imbaraga mubwato bwose cyangwa ubwato.Ibi bifite uburinzi bukabije bwo hanze kuko guhura ninyanja bikunze kugaragara mubihe bibi.Bakoresha ingufu za turbine, rudders, hamwe nimashini ziremereye cyane mubwato.
Kugenzura insingani insinga nkeya ya voltage igenzura imikorere yubukanishi.Abakora insinga zo mu nyanja barashobora kubakingira cyangwa kutabikora, bitewe nikoreshwa.Mubisanzwe boherejwe kugirango bakore sisitemu yo kuyobora no kugenzura moteri.Biroroshye guhinduka kugirango bemere kugunama no kugenda mubikorwa byabo.
Intsinga z'itumanaho zagenewe kohereza no kwakira amakuru aturutse hakurya y'ubwato kugenzura nyamukuru no hagati yazo.Zikoreshwa kandi mukugenda na GPS mubwato.Intsinga mubisanzwe ni insinga zigoretse kugirango ugabanye amashanyarazi.Barashobora kandi kohereza ibimenyetso byombi bigereranywa na digitale.Intsinga z'itumanaho ni ngombwa mu itumanaho ryiza mu bwato.
Intsinga y'ibikoresho kabuhariwe mu gukoresha ibimenyetso byo mu rwego rwo hasi bigereranywa na sensor ziri mu bwato.Bakurikirana ibya ngombwa nkubushyuhe, umuvuduko, urwego, nibidukikije.Ibi birakenewe kugirango ubwato bugume munzira mubihe byose, kuko inyanja yihuta guhinduka.Bitewe nibisabwa, bahura cyane nibidukikije.Kubwibyo, barinzwe cyane muburyo bwimiterere yinyanja.
3.Guhitamo insinga z'amashanyarazi zo mu nyanja
3.1 Umuvuduko n'ibisabwa muri iki gihe
Iyo uhisemo insinga z'amashanyarazi zo mu nyanja, ni ngombwa gusuzuma voltage n'ibisabwa muri sisitemu y'amashanyarazi.Guhitamo insinga hamwe na voltage ikwiye hamwe nu bipimo byerekana neza kohereza amashanyarazi neza.Ibi kandi bigabanya ibyago byo kunanirwa kwinsinga cyangwa ubushyuhe bukabije.
3.2 Ibidukikije
Ibidukikije byo mu nyanja bitera ibibazo bidasanzwe ku nsinga z'amashanyarazi.Byagufasha uramutse ufashe ibintu nko kurwanya amazi, kurwanya UV, kutagira umuriro, no kurwanya imiti.Guhitamo insinga zabugenewe kugirango zihangane nibi bidukikije byemeza kuramba no kwizerwa mubikorwa bya marine.
3.3 Kubahiriza ibipimo n'amashanyarazi yo mu nyanja
Kubahiriza ibipimo by'amashanyarazi yo mu nyanja ni ngombwa mu mutekano.Ni ngombwa gukurikiza inganda nziza.Ibipimo nkibyo byashyizweho na komisiyo mpuzamahanga ishinzwe amashanyarazi (IEC) bitanga kubaka insinga, kugerageza, nubuyobozi bukora.Guhitamo insinga zujuje cyangwa zirenga aya mashanyarazi yo mu nyanja zitanga umutekano mwinshi kandi wizewe.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-08-2023