Nekuenderera mberi kwekusimudzira hupfumi hwenyika nesainzi uye tekinoroji, magasi anoshandiswa zvakanyanya munzvimbo dzakasiyana senge indasitiri yemakemikari, simbi, aerospace uye kuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza.Sebazi rakakosha reindasitiri yegasi, inoita basa mukumisikidza uye kuvimbiswa kwemhando yekugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri.Gasi rakajairwa (rinonziwo calibration gas) igasi chiyero chakajairwa, chinova chiyero chakafanana, chakagadzikana uye chakarurama.Mukuita kwekutarisa kwezvakatipoteredza, iyo yakajairwa gasi inogona kushandiswa kuenzanisa bvunzo chiridzwa uye kutarisa panguva yemhando yekudzora chirongwa.Iko kushandiswa kwakaringana kwegasi rakajairwa kunopa kiyi yehunyanzvi vimbiso yekurongeka uye kuvimbika kwemhedzisiro yebvunzo.
1 Mamiriro ebasa rekutarisa zvakatipoteredza
1.1 Kutarisisa zvinhu
1) Kusvibisa tsime.
2) Mamiriro ezvakatipoteredza:
Mamiriro ezvakatipoteredza anowanzo sanganisira zvinotevera: muviri wemvura;atmosphere;noise;ivhu;mbeu;zvigadzirwa zvemumvura;zvigadzirwa zvezvipfuwo;radioactive zvinhu;electromagnetic waves;pasi subsidence;ivhu salinization uye gwenga;miti yesango;Natural reserves.
1.2 Kuongorora zvemukati
Zviri mukati mekutarisa kwezvakatipoteredza zvinoenderana nechinangwa chekutarisa.Kazhinji, izvo zvekutarisa zvemukati zvinofanirwa kutariswa zvinoenderana nezvinozivikanwa kana zvinotarisirwa kusvibisa zvinhu mudunhu, kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvinotariswa zvakatipoteredza, uye zvinodikanwa zvezvakatipoteredza zviyero.Panguva imwecheteyo, kuti uongorore kuyerwa kwemhedzisiro uye kufungidzira kusvibiswa kwekupararira mamiriro, mamwe meteorological parameters kana hydrological parameters inofanirwa kuyerwa.
1) Zviri mukati mekutarisa kwemhepo;
2) Zviri mukati mekutarisa kwehutano hwemvura;
3) Substrate yekutarisa zvemukati;
4) Zviri mukati mevhu uye kutarisa kwezvirimwa;
5) Zviri mukati zvinofanirwa kutariswa sekutsanangurwa kweEnvironmental Protection Office yeHurumende Council.
1.3 Chinangwa chekutarisa
Kutariswa kwezvakatipoteredza ndiyo hwaro hwekutonga kwezvakatipoteredza uye tsvakiridzo yesainzi yezvakatipoteredza, uye hwaro hwakakosha hwekugadzira mitemo yekuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza.Zvinangwa zvikuru zvekuongorora kwezvakatipoteredza ndezvi:
1) Ongorora mhando yezvakatipoteredza uye kufanotaura shanduko yemhando yezvakatipoteredza;
2) Ipa hwaro hwesainzi hwekuumbwa kwemitemo yezvakatipoteredza, zviyero, kuronga kwezvakatipoteredza, uye yakazara kudzivirira uye kudzora matanho ekusvibisa kwezvakatipoteredza;
3) Unganidza kukosha kwezvakatipoteredza uye shanduko ye data, kuunganidza data rekutarisa kwenguva refu, uye kupa hwaro hwesainzi hwekuchengetedza hutano hwevanhu uye kushandisa zvine musoro kwezviwanikwa, uye kubata nemazvo kugona kwezvakatipoteredza;
4) Ratidza matambudziko matsva ezvakatipoteredza, tsvaga zvinhu zvitsva zvinosvibisa, uye upe mafambiro ekutsvagisa kwesainzi kwezvakatipoteredza.
2 Kushandiswa kwemagasi akajairwa mukutarisa kwezvakatipoteredza
Mukutarisisa kusvibiswa kwemarara gasi, nzira yekuyedza yezvinosvibisa gasi senge sulfur dioxide uye nitrogen oxides inoisa pamberi zvakajeka uye zvakanangana zvinodiwa pakugadziriswa kwechiridzwa, uye zvirimo zvinoenderana zvinosanganisira chiratidzo chikanganiso, kutsauka kwehurongwa, zero Drift, uye kufamba kwakadzikama.Iyo yazvino sulfur dioxide nzira chiyero inodawo kabhoni monoxide yekukanganisa kuyedza.Pamusoro pezvo, ongororo yenyika yegore negore uye ongororo yepurovhinzi inofanirwa kugamuchira gasi remabhodhoro netsamba, izvo zvinoisa pamberi pepamusoro zvinodiwa zvekushandisa gasi rakajairwa.Mukurongeka kwakaringana, iyo silinda nzira inoshandiswa kupinza zvakananga analyzer muanalyzer kuti uwane mibairo yekuyera, kuongorora zvikonzero zvekukanganisa kwechiratidzo, uye kusefa zvinhu zvisingafadzi zvinokonzeresa kutsauka mumhedzisiro yekuyera, izvo zvinogona kuvandudza kuvimbika. uye huchokwadi hwe data rekutarisa, uye kuwedzera kuvandudza Zvakanaka kupa ruzivo runoshanda uye rutsigiro rwehunyanzvi kumadhipatimendi ekutarisa kwezvakatipoteredza.Zvinhu zvinokanganisa chikanganiso chechiratidzo zvinosanganisira kusimba kwemhepo, zvinhu zvepombi, chiyero chegasi, kuyerera kwegasi uye humburumbira paramita, nezvimwewo. Zvinhu zvitanhatu zvinotevera zvinokurukurwa nekuongororwa chimwe nechimwe.
2.1 Kuongorora kwekusimba kwemhepo
Usati waita calibrating yekutarisa michina neyakajairwa gasi, kusimba kwemhepo kwegasi nzira kunofanirwa kutanga kutariswa.Iko kusimba kwevhavha yekuderedza kudzvinyirira uye kubuda kwemutsara wejekiseni ndizvo zvikonzero zvikuru zvekudonha kwemutsara wejekiseni, izvo zvine simba guru pakurongeka kwegasi remuenzaniso data, kunyanya kune nhamba yemigumisiro yezasi- concentration yakajairika gasi.Naizvozvo, kusimba kwemhepo kwepombi yesampling kunofanirwa kunyatsotariswa kusati kwagadziriswa gasi rakajairwa.Nzira yekuongorora iri nyore kwazvo.Kune iyo flue gasi tester, batanidza iyo flue gasi inlet yechiridzwa uye kubuda kweiyo yekumanikidza kuderedza vharafu kuburikidza nesampling mutsara.Pasina kuvhura vharuvhu yeyakajairwa gasi cylinder, kana sampling kuyerera kwechiridzwa chinoratidza kukosha Kudonha mukati me2min kunoratidza kuti kusimba kwemhepo kunokodzera.
2.2 Kusarudzwa kunonzwisisika kwegasi sampling pombi
Mushure mekupfuura iyo mhepo yakamanikana yekuongorora, iwe unofanirwa kubhadhara kune kusarudzwa kwegasi sampling pombi.Parizvino, mugadziri wezviridzwa asarudza mamwe mahosi ekupinza mhepo panguva yekugovera, uye zvigadzirwa zvinosanganisira latex chubhu uye silicone machubhu.Nekuti latex machubhu haamirire kune oxidation, yakanyanya tembiricha uye ngura, silicone machubhu anonyanya kushandiswa parizvino.Hunhu hwesilicone chubhu yakakwirira uye yakaderera tembiricha kuramba, corrosion kuramba, 100% girini kuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza, nezvimwewo, uye zvakare iri nyore kushandisa.Zvakadaro, machubhu erabha anewo zvaasingakwanisi, kunyanya kumagasi mazhinji ane organic uye ane sarufa, uye kupinza kwawo kwakasimba, saka hazvikurudzirwe kushandisa marudzi ese emachubhu erabha semapombi esampuli., izvo zvinokonzeresa kusarura kukuru mumhedzisiro yedata.Zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa zvinhu zvakasiyana semhangura, machubhu esimbi isina tsvina, uye PTFE machubhu zvinoenderana neakasiyana gasi.Kune yakajairika gasi uye sampuli gasi rine sarufa, zviri nani kushandisa quartz-yakavharidzirwa Stainless machubhu kana sulfur-passivated Stainless simbi machubhu.
2.3 Hunhu hweyakajairwa gasi
Sechikamu chakakosha chekuteedzera kwehuwandu kukosha, kunaka kweiyo gasi yakajairwa kune hukama nekurongeka kwebvunzo uye calibration mhedzisiro.Kusachena kweiyo yakakwira-kuchena gasi raw material ndicho chikonzero chakakosha chekuti kunaka kwegasi rakajairwa kudzikire, uye zvakare iri chikamu chakakosha chekusavimbika kweyakajairwa gasi synthesis.Naizvozvo, mukutenga kwakajairwa, zvinodikanwa kuti usarudze iwo mayuniti ane kumwe kurudziro uye hunhu muindasitiri uye ane simba rakasimba, uye kuwana magasi akajairwa akatenderwa nedhipatimendi renyika remetrology uye ane zvitupa.Mukuwedzera, iyo gasi yakajairwa inofanirwa kutarisisa kudziya kwenzvimbo panguva yekushandiswa, uye tembiricha yemukati nekunze kwecylinder inofanira kusangana nezvinodiwa isati yashandiswa.
2.4 Kupesvedzera kweyero yekuyerera kweyakajairwa gasi pane chiridzwa calibration chiratidzo
Zvinoenderana neyekuverengera fomula yeiyo inotarisirwa kukosha kweiyo calibration gasi kusungwa: C calibration = C chiyero × F yakajairwa / F calibration, zvinogona kuoneka kuti kana kuyerera kweiyo flue gasi bvunzo chiridzwa chagadziriswa, iyo calibration yekumisikidza kukosha ndeye. zvinoenderana necalibration gasi kuyerera.Kana gasi rekuyerera kwecylinder yakakura kudarika kuyerera kwechiridzwa chepombi, kukosha kwekugadzirisa kuchave kwakakwirira, pane zvinopesana, apo gasi rekuyerera kwecylinder gasi rakaderera pane kuyerera kunotorwa nechiridzwa. pombi, iyo calibration kukosha ichave yakaderera.Nokudaro, paunenge uchienzanisa chiridzwa negasi rakajairwa recylinder, iva nechokwadi chokuti kuyerera kweiyo rotameter inogadziriswa inopindirana nekuyerera kweiyo flue gas tester, iyo inogona kuvandudza kururamisa kwechiridzwa chekugadzirisa.
2.5 Multi-point calibration
Paunenge uchitora chikamu chenyika yakajairwa gasi bofu sampuli yekuongorora kana purovhinzi ongororo, kuitira kuti ive nechokwadi chekuvimbika uye chokwadi cheyedzo data yeflue gasi analyzer, multi-point calibration inogona kugamuchirwa kusimbisa mutsara we flue gasi analyzer.Multi-point calibration ndeyekucherekedza kukosha kwechiridzwa chekuongorora chine akawanda akajairwa magasi ekusundidzira anozivikanwa, kuitira kuti ave nechokwadi chekuti curve yechiridzwa inowana yakaringana.Ikozvino neshanduko yeyedzo nzira zviyero, kune zvakawanda uye zvakanyanya zvinodikanwa zveyakajairwa gasi renji.Kuti uwane akasiyana-siyana magasi akajairwa emhando dzakasiyana, unogona kutenga bhodhoro reyakajairwa gasi rine yakakwira concentration, uye worigovera mune yega yega inodiwa yakajairwa gasi kuburikidza neyakajairwa gasi anogovera.concentration calibration gasi.
2.6 Kutarisira magasi cylinders
Kune manejimendi emasilinda egasi, zvinhu zvitatu zvinoda kutariswa.Chekutanga pane zvese, panguva yekushandiswa kwesilinda yegesi, kutarisisa kunofanirwa kubhadharwa kuti ive nechokwadi cheimwe yakasara kudzvanywa, gasi riri muhumburumbira harifanirwe kushandiswa kumusoro, uye yakasara kudzvanywa kwegasi rakatsikirirwa kunofanirwa kunge kuri kukuru kupfuura kana kuenzana ne0.05. MPa.Tichifunga nezve calibration uye verification basa reyakajairwa gasi, iro rine hukama nekurongeka kwebasa chairo, zvinokurudzirwa kuti yakasara kudzvanywa kwegasi cylinder kazhinji inenge 0.2MPa.Pamusoro pezvo, masilinda egasi akajairwa anofanirwa kugara achitariswa kuti aite kuchengetedza zvinoenderana nemitemo yenyika.Inert magasi akadai senitrogen (zero gasi) uye asingaparadzi akanyanya-kuchena magasi ane kuchena kukuru kupfuura kana kuenzana ne99.999% anodiwa pabasa rezuva nezuva rekuongorora kwezvakatipoteredza.1 kuongororwa pagore.Masilinda egasi anoparadza zvinhu zvesilinda muviri anodiwa kuti aongororwe makore maviri ega ega.Chechipiri, mukushandiswa kwezuva nezuva uye kuchengetedza, silinda yegesi inofanirwa kunyatsogadziriswa kudzivirira kukuvadzwa uye kuvuza kunokonzerwa nekurasa.
Nguva yekutumira: May-10-2022