Ngophuhliso oluqhubekayo loqoqosho lwesizwe kunye nesayensi kunye nobuchwepheshe, iigesi zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo ezifana noshishino lweekhemikhali, i-metallurgy, i-aerospace kunye nokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo.Njengesebe elibalulekileyo loshishino lwegesi, lidlala indima ekumiseni umgangatho kunye nokuqinisekiswa komgangatho wemveliso yemizi-mveliso.Irhasi esemgangathweni (ekwabizwa ngokuba yigesi yolungelelaniso) luhlobo lwegesi olusemgangathweni, olulingana kakhulu, oluzinzileyo nomgangatho womlinganiselo ochanekileyo.Kwinkqubo yokubeka iliso lokusingqongileyo, igesi esemgangathweni ingasetyenziselwa ukulinganisa isixhobo sokuvavanya kwaye ukhangele ngexesha lesicwangciso sokulawula umgangatho.Ukusetyenziswa ngokuchanekileyo kwegesi eqhelekileyo kunika isiqinisekiso esibalulekileyo sobugcisa bokuchaneka nokuthembeka kweziphumo zovavanyo.
1 Ubume bomsebenzi wokubeka iliso kokusingqongileyo
1.1 Izinto zokubeka iliso
1) Umthombo wongcoliseko.
2) Iimeko zokusingqongileyo:
Iimeko zokusingqongileyo ngokubanzi ziquka le miba ilandelayo: umzimba wamanzi;umoyaingxolo;umhlaba;izityalo;iimveliso zasemanzini;iimveliso zemfuyo;izinto ezine-radioactive;amaza ombane;ukuthotywa komhlaba;ukufakwa kwetyuwa emhlabeni kunye nokuba yintlango;uhlaza lwasehlathini;iindawo zokugcina indalo.
1.2 Ukubeka iliso umxholo
Umxholo wokubekwa kweliso kokusingqongileyo uxhomekeke kwinjongo yokubeka iliso.Ngokubanzi, umxholo othile wokubeka iliso kufuneka umiselwe ngokwezinto ezaziwayo okanye ezilindelekileyo zongcoliseko kummandla, ukusetyenziswa kwezinto ezijongwayo zokusingqongileyo, kunye neemfuno zemigangatho yokusingqongileyo.Kwangaxeshanye, ukuze kuvavanywe iziphumo zomlinganiselo kwaye kuqikelelwe imeko yokusasazwa kongcoliseko, ezinye iiparamitha zemeteorological okanye iiparamitha zehydrological nazo kufuneka zilinganiswe.
1) Imixholo yokubeka iliso emoyeni;
2) Imixholo yokubeka iliso kubulunga bamanzi;
3) Umxholo wokubeka iliso kwiSubstrate;
4) Iziqulatho zomhlaba kunye nokubeka iliso kwizityalo;
5) Imixholo ekufuneka ibekwe esweni njengoko kuchaziwe yi-Ofisi yoKhuseleko lokuSingqongileyo yeBhunga likaRhulumente.
1.3 Injongo yokubeka iliso
Ukubeka iliso kokusingqongileyo sisiseko solawulo lwendalo esingqongileyo kunye nophando lwezenzululwazi lokusingqongileyo, kunye nesiseko esibalulekileyo sokuqulunqa imigaqo yokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo.Ezona njongo ziphambili zokubeka iliso kokusingqongileyo zezi:
1) Vavanya umgangatho wokusingqongileyo kwaye uqikelele ukutshintsha komgangatho wokusingqongileyo;
2) Ukubonelela ngesiseko senzululwazi sokuqulunqwa kwemimiselo yokusingqongileyo, imigangatho, ucwangciso lokusingqongileyo, kunye nothintelo olubanzi kunye nemilinganiselo yokulawula ukungcoliseka kwendalo;
3) Ukuqokelela ixabiso lemvelaphi yendalo esingqongileyo kunye nokutshintsha kwedatha yentsingiselo, ukuqokelela idatha yokubeka iliso yexesha elide, kunye nokubonelela ngesiseko senzululwazi sokukhusela impilo yabantu kunye nokusetyenziswa okunengqiqo kobutyebi bendalo, kunye nokubamba ngokuchanekileyo amandla okusingqongileyo;
4) Bonisa iingxaki ezintsha zokusingqongileyo, chonga imiba emitsha yongcoliseko, kwaye ubonelele ngomkhomba-ndlela wophando lwezenzululwazi lokusingqongileyo.
2 Ukusetyenziswa kweegesi eziqhelekileyo ekubekweni kweliso kwendalo
Kuhlolo lwenkunkuma yomthombo wongcoliseko lwegesi, imigangatho yendlela yovavanyo yongcoliseko lwegesi olufana nesalfure dioxide kunye neeoksidi zenitrogen zibeka phambili iimfuno ezicacileyo nezikhethekileyo zokulinganisa isixhobo, kunye nemixholo echaphazelekayo ibandakanya impazamo yesalathiso, ukutenxa kwinkqubo, i-zero drift, kunye ne-span drift.Indlela yomgangatho wesulphur dioxide yamva nje ifuna imifuniselo yokuphazamiseka kwekhabhon monokside.Ukongeza, uvavanyo lukazwelonke lonyaka kunye novavanyo lwephondo kufuneka lufumane igesi esemgangathweni yebhotile ngeposi, ebeka phambili iimfuno eziphezulu zokusetyenziswa kwegesi eqhelekileyo.Kwi-calibration eqhelekileyo, indlela ye-cylinder isetyenziselwa ukungenisa ngokuthe ngqo i-analyzer kwi-analyzer ukufumana iziphumo zokulinganisa, ukuhlalutya izizathu zephutha lokubonisa, kunye nokucoca izinto ezingathandekiyo ezibangela ukuphambuka kwiziphumo zokulinganisa, ezinokuphucula ukuthembeka. kunye nokuchaneka kwedatha yokubeka iliso, kunye nokuphucula ngakumbi Kuhle ukubonelela ngedatha esebenzayo kunye nenkxaso yobugcisa kumasebe olawulo lwendalo esingqongileyo.Imiba echaphazela impazamo yesalathiso ibandakanya ukuxinana komoya, imathiriyeli yombhobho, into eqhelekileyo yegesi, isantya sokuhamba kwerhasi kunye neeparamitha zesilinda, njl. njl. Le miba mithandathu ilandelayo iyaxoxwa kwaye ihlalutywe nganye nganye.
2.1 Ukuhlolwa kokuxinana komoya
Ngaphambi kokulinganisa izixhobo zokubeka iliso ngegesi eqhelekileyo, ukuqina komoya kwendlela yegesi kufuneka kuhlolwe kuqala.Ukuqina kwevalve yokunciphisa uxinzelelo kunye nokuvuza komgca wokutofa zizizathu eziphambili zokuvuza komgca wokutofa, onempembelelo enkulu ekuchanekeni kwedatha yesampulu yegesi eqhelekileyo, ngakumbi kwiziphumo zamanani ezisezantsi- igesi esemgangathweni yoxinaniso.Ke ngoko, ukuxinana komoya kombhobho wesampulu kufuneka kujongwe ngokungqongqo phambi kokulinganisa igesi eqhelekileyo.Indlela yokuhlola ilula kakhulu.Ngomvavanyi wegesi ye-flue, qhagamshela i-flue gas inlet yesixhobo kunye nokuphuma kwevalve yokunciphisa uxinzelelo ngomgca wesampulu.Ngaphandle kokuvula i-valve ye-cylinder yegesi eqhelekileyo, ukuba isampuli yokuhamba kwesixhobo ibonisa ixabiso Ukulahla ngaphakathi kwe-2min kubonisa ukuba ukuqina komoya kuyafaneleka.
2.2 Ukhetho olufanelekileyo lombhobho wesampulu yerhasi
Emva kokugqithisa ukuhlolwa kobunzima bomoya, kufuneka ubeke ingqalelo ekukhethweni kombhobho wesampulu yegesi.Okwangoku, umenzi wesixhobo ukhethe i-hoses ethile yokungenisa umoya ngexesha lenkqubo yokusabalalisa, kunye nezinto ezibandakanya iityhubhu ze-latex kunye ne-silicone tubes.Ngenxa yokuba iityhubhu ze-latex azixhathisi kwi-oxidation, ubushushu obuphezulu kunye ne-corrosion, iityhubhu ze-silicone zisetyenziswa ngoku.Iimpawu ze-silicone ityhubhu ziphezulu kwaye ziphantsi ukumelana nobushushu, ukuxhathisa kwe-corrosion, i-100% ukukhuselwa kokusingqongileyo okuluhlaza, njl., kwaye kulula kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa.Nangona kunjalo, iityhubhu zerabha zikwanazo nemida yazo, ngakumbi kwiigesi ezininzi eziphilayo kunye neegesi ezinesulfure, kwaye ukugqobhoza kwazo kunamandla kakhulu, ngoko akucebisi ukusebenzisa zonke iintlobo zetyhubhu zerabha njengemibhobho yesampulu., okuya kubangela i-bias enkulu kwiziphumo zedatha.Kucetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe izinto ezahlukeneyo ezifana neetyhubhu zobhedu, iityhubhu zensimbi ezingenasici, kunye neetyhubhu ze-PTFE ngokweempawu ezahlukeneyo zegesi.Kwigesi eqhelekileyo kunye nesampulu yegesi equkethe i-sulfure, kungcono ukusebenzisa iityhubhu zetsimbi ezingenasici ezifakwe kwi-quartz okanye iityhubhu zensimbi ezingenasici.
2.3 Umgangatho wegesi eqhelekileyo
Njengenxalenye ebalulekileyo yokulandelwa kwexabiso lobungakanani, umgangatho wegesi esemgangathweni unxulumene nokuchaneka kovavanyo kunye neziphumo zokulinganisa.Ukungahlambuluki kwerhasi yezinto ekrwada ezisulungekileyo sisizathu esibalulekileyo sokwehla komgangatho werhasi esemgangathweni, kwaye ikwayinxalenye ebaluleke kakhulu yokungaqiniseki kokwenziwa kwegesi eqhelekileyo.Ngoko ke, ekuthengeni okuqhelekileyo, kuyimfuneko ukukhetha ezo yunithi zinempembelelo ethile kunye neziqinisekiso kwishishini kwaye zinamandla aqinileyo, kwaye zifumane iigesi eziqhelekileyo ezivunyiweyo lisebe le-metrology yesizwe kwaye zinezatifikethi.Ukongezelela, igesi eqhelekileyo kufuneka ihlawule ingqalelo kwiqondo lokushisa lokusingqongileyo ngexesha lokusetyenziswa, kwaye iqondo lokushisa ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwe-cylinder kufuneka lihlangabezane neemfuno ngaphambi kokusetyenziswa.
2.4 Impembelelo yesantya sokuhamba kwegesi esemgangathweni kwisalathiso sokulinganisa isixhobo
Ngokutsho kwefomula yokubala ixabiso elilindelekileyo loxinzelelo lwegesi yokulinganisa: Ukulinganisa i-C = i-C standard × F umgangatho / ukulinganisa kwe-F, kunokubonwa ukuba xa izinga lokuhamba kwesixhobo sokuvavanya igesi ye-flue imisiwe, ixabiso loxinzelelo lokulinganisa ezinxulumene nokuhamba kwerhasi yokulinganisa.Ukuba isantya sokuhamba kwegesi ye-cylinder sikhulu kunesantya sokuhamba esithathwe yimpompo yesixhobo, ixabiso lokulinganisa liya kuba phezulu, ngokuchaseneyo, xa isantya sokuhamba kwegesi yegesi ye-cylinder iphantsi kunesantya sokuhamba esithathwe sisixhobo. impompo, ixabiso lolungelelwaniso liyakuba sezantsi.Ngoko ke, xa ulinganisa isixhobo ngegesi esemgangathweni ye-cylinder, qinisekisa ukuba izinga lokuhamba kwe-rotameter ehlengahlengiswayo lihambelana nesantya sokuhamba kwe-flue tester tester, enokuphucula ukuchaneka kwesixhobo sokulinganisa.
2.5 Ulungelelwaniso lwamanqaku amaninzi
Xa uthatha inxaxheba kuvavanyo lwesampulu yegesi eyimfama esemgangathweni kazwelonke okanye uvavanyo lwephondo, ukwenzela ukuba kuqinisekiswe ukuthembeka kunye nokuchaneka kwedatha yovavanyo ye-flue gas analyzer, ukulinganisa kwamanqaku amaninzi kunokwamkelwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe umgca we-flue gas analyzer.I-Multi-point calibration kukuqwalasela ixabiso lesalathisi sesixhobo sokuhlalutya kunye neegesi ezininzi eziqhelekileyo zoxinaniso olwaziwayo, ukwenzela ukuba kuqinisekiswe ukuba i-curve yesixhobo ifezekisa eyona nto ifanelekileyo.Ngoku ngotshintsho lwemigangatho yendlela yokuvavanya, kukho iimfuno ezingaphezulu nangakumbi zoluhlu oluqhelekileyo lwegesi.Ukuze ufumane iindidi zeegesi ezisemgangathweni zogxininiso olwahlukeneyo, ungathenga ibhotile yegesi esemgangathweni enogxininiso oluphezulu, kwaye usasaze kwirhasi nganye efunekayo ngokusasaza igesi eqhelekileyo.irhasi yokulinganisa ukulinganisa.
2.6 Ulawulo lweesilinda zegesi
Ukulawulwa kweesilinda zegesi, iinkalo ezintathu kufuneka ziqwalaselwe.Okokuqala, ngexesha lokusetyenziswa kwe-cylinder yegesi, ingqalelo kufuneka ihlawulwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe uxinzelelo oluthile olushiyekileyo, igesi kwi-cylinder ayifanele isetyenziswe, kwaye uxinzelelo olushiyekileyo lwegesi ecinezelweyo kufuneka lube lukhulu okanye lulingane no-0.05. MPa.Ukuqwalasela umsebenzi wokulinganisa kunye nokuqinisekiswa kwegesi eqhelekileyo, ehambelana nokuchaneka komsebenzi wangempela, kucetyiswa ukuba uxinzelelo olushiyekileyo lwe-cylinder yegesi ngokubanzi malunga ne-0.2MPa.Ukongezelela, iisilinda zegesi eziqhelekileyo kufuneka zihlolwe rhoqo ukuze zisebenze ngokukhuselekileyo ngokuhambelana nemigangatho kazwelonke.Iigesi ze-inert ezifana ne-nitrogen (i-zero gas) kunye ne-non-corrosion high-purity gases enobunyulu obukhulu okanye obulingana ne-99.999% iyafuneka kumsebenzi wemihla ngemihla wokubeka iliso kokusingqongileyo.Uhlolo olu-1 ngonyaka.Iisilinda zegesi ezonakalisa izinto ze-cylinder body kufuneka zihlolwe rhoqo kwiminyaka emi-2.Okwesibini, kwinkqubo yokusetyenziswa kwansuku zonke kunye nokugcinwa, i-cylinder yegesi kufuneka ilungiswe ngokufanelekileyo ukukhusela umonakalo kunye nokuvuza okubangelwa ukulahla.
Ixesha lokuposa: May-10-2022