Isihlomelo kwiSihlomelo VI seNgqungquthela ye-MARPOL siya kuqalisa ukusebenza ngoNovemba 1, 2022. Ezi zilungiso zobugcisa kunye nokusebenza ziqulunqwe phantsi kwesicwangciso-qhinga sokuqala se-IMO sokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwegesi eluhlaza kwiinqanawa kwi-2018 ifuna ukuba iinqanawa ziphucule ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla kwixesha elifutshane. , ngaloo ndlela kuncitshiswa ukukhutshwa kweegesi zegreenhouse.
Ukusukela nge-1 kaJanuwari 2023, zonke iinqanawa kufuneka zibale i-EEXI eqhotyoshelweyo yeenqanawa zabo ezikhoyo ukulinganisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla abo kwaye baqale ukuqokelela idatha ukuze banike ingxelo yabo yonyaka yokusebenza kwe-carbon intensity index (CII) kunye ne-CII rating.
Ngawaphi amanyathelo amatsha asisinyanzelo?
Ngo-2030, ubunzima bekhabhoni bazo zonke iinqanawa buya kuba ngama-40% ngaphantsi kwesiseko se-2008, kwaye iinqanawa ziya kufuneka ukuba zibale iireyithingi ezimbini: i-EEXI eqhotyoshelweyo yeenqanawa zabo ezikhoyo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla abo, kunye nesalathisi sabo sonyaka sokusebenza kwekhabhoni ( CII) kunye neereyithingi ezinxulumene neCII.Uxinzelelo lwekhabhoni lunxulumanisa ukukhutshwa kwerhasi yegreenhouse nomgama wokuthuthwa kwempahla.
La manyathelo aya kusebenza nini?
Ukulungiswa kweSihlomelo VI kwiNgqungquthela ye-MARPOL kuya kuqala ukusebenza ngoNovemba 1, 2022. Iimfuno ze-EEXI kunye nesatifikethi se-CII ziya kuqala ukusebenza ukususela ngoJanuwari 1, 2023. Oku kuthetha ukuba ingxelo yokuqala yonyaka iya kugqitywa ngo-2023 kwaye ireyithingi yokuqala iya kunikwa ngo-2024.
La manyathelo ayinxalenye yokuzibophelela kwe-International Maritime Organisation kwisicwangciso sayo sokuqala sokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwegesi ye-greenhouse kwiinqanawa ngo-2018, oko kukuthi, ngo-2030, amandla ekhabhoni azo zonke iinqanawa aya kuba ngama-40% ngaphantsi kwe-2008.
Yintoni umlinganiselo wekhabhoni intensity index?
I-CII imisela into yokunciphisa yonyaka efunekayo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphuculwa okuqhubekayo kokusebenza kwekhabhoni yokuqina kweenqanawa ngaphakathi kwinqanaba elithile lokulinganisa.Elona qondo lonyaka lokusebenza kwekhabhoni isalathisi kufuneka irekhodwe kwaye ingqinisiswe kunye nesalathiso sonyaka sokusebenza kwekhabhoni efunekayo.Ngale ndlela, ukulinganiswa kokuqina kwekhabhoni kunokumiselwa.
Izakusebenza njani iireyithingi ezintsha?
Ngokutsho kwe-CII yomkhumbi, amandla ayo ekhabhoni aya kulinganiswa njenge-A, B, C, D okanye E (apho i-A iyona nto ibhetele).Olu reyithingi lumele umgangatho ophezulu ophezulu, omncinci ophezulu, ophakathi, omncinci ongaphantsi okanye umgangatho womsebenzi ongaphantsi.Umgangatho wokusebenza uya kubhalwa "kwiSibhengezo sokuThotyelwa" kwaye ucaciswe ngakumbi kwiSicwangciso soLawulo lokuSebenza koMmandla (SEEMP).
Kwiinqanawa ezilinganiswe njengeKlasi D iminyaka emithathu elandelelanayo okanye iKlasi E yonyaka omnye, isicwangciso sesenzo sokulungisa kufuneka singeniswe ukuze sichaze indlela yokufezekisa isalathisi esifunekayo seKlasi C okanye ngaphezulu.Amasebe olawulo, amagunya ezibuko kunye nabanye abathathi-nxaxheba bayakhuthazwa ukuba banike inkuthazo kwiinqanawa ezinikwe umlinganiselo ongu-A okanye B njengoko kufanelekile.
Inqanawa esebenzisa amafutha ekhabhoni ephantsi inokufumana umlinganiselo ophezulu kunenqanawa esebenzisa amafutha ezilwanyana zamandulo, kodwa inqanawa inokuphucula ukukala kwayo ngemilinganiselo emininzi, efana nale:
1. Coca i-hull ukunciphisa ukuxhathisa
2. Lungiselela isantya kunye nendlela
3. Faka ibhalbhu yokusetyenziswa kwamandla aphantsi
4. Fakela umbane welanga/umoya oncedisayo kwiinkonzo zokuhlala
Indlela yokuvavanya impembelelo yemimiselo emitsha?
IKomiti ye-IMO yoKhuseleko lweNdalo yaseLwandle (MEPC) iya kuphonononga ukuphunyezwa kweemfuno zeCII kunye ne-EEXI ngoJanuwari 1, 2026 mva nje, ukuvavanya le miba ilandelayo, kwaye iqulunqe kwaye yamkele ezinye izilungiso njengoko zifuneka:
1. Ukusebenza kwalo Mmiselo ekunciphiseni i-carbon intensity yokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe
2. Ingaba kuyimfuneko ukomeleza amanyathelo okulungisa okanye amanye amayeza, kubandakanywa neemfuneko ezongezelelweyo ze-EEXI ezinokubakho
3. Ingaba kuyimfuneko na ukomeleza inkqubo yokuthotyelwa komthetho
4. Ingaba kuyimfuneko na ukomeleza inkqubo yokuqokelelwa kwedatha
5. Hlaziya i-Z factor kunye nexabiso le-CIIR
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-26-2022