Ngophuhliso loluntu lwanamhlanje, uthungelwano lube yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yobomi babantu, kwaye ukuhanjiswa kweempawu zenethiwekhi akunakuhlukaniswa kwiintambo zenethiwekhi (ezibizwa ngokuba ziintambo zenethiwekhi).Umsebenzi weenqanawa kunye nolwandle yindawo yemizi-mveliso yanamhlanje ehamba elwandle, kunye nokwanda kwe-automation kunye nobukrelekrele, kunye nemeko yokusetyenziswa entsonkothileyo.Iimfuno zeentambo zothungelwano ziphezulu ngokwendalo kunezo zommandla womhlaba.Namhlanje, ndiza kwazisa ngokufutshane iintambo zothungelwano lwenqanawa kunye nolwandle kuye wonke umntu.
Intambo yenethiwekhi esithetha ngayo idla ngokujijwa.Isixhobo somqhubi wentambo yothungelwano lubhedu, kunye nabaqhubi abadibeneyo abaninzi kunye nabaqhubi abaqinileyo abadibeneyo.Iikondaktara zobhedu ezine-PE okanye i-PO insulation zongezwa, zijijelwe ngokuhambelana newotshi ngambini, kwaye zijijelwe kwintambo ngeeperi ezine zeengcingo.I-skeleton yomnqamlezo, i-shielding layer, i-drain wire, kunye ne-weaving layer yongezwa njengoko kufuneka, kwaye ekugqibeleni umkhono okhuselayo uyakhutshelwa ukugqiba imveliso.
1.Ukuhlelwa kweentambo zenethiwekhi
Iintambo zothungelwano ezixhaphakileyo zinokwahlulwa zibeCAT5E(amacandelo amahlanu aphezulu), i-CAT6 (amacandelo amathandathu), i-CAT6A (amacandelo amathandathu aphezulu), i-CAT7 (amacandelo asixhenxe), i-CAT7A (amacandelo asixhenxe aphezulu), i-CAT8 (iindidi ezisibhozo), phakathi kwazo:
Intambo yenethiwekhi ye-Super Class 5: Icala langaphandle lentambo yenethiwekhi iphawulwe ngeCAT.5e, kunye ne-100MHz yokudlulisa kunye nesantya esiphezulu sokudluliselwa kwe-1000Mbps, ifanelekile kwiinethiwekhi zegigabit.Ukuba nentsebenzo engcono kunemigca yeKlasi ye-5, ukuphucula izikhombisi ezifana ne-NEXT, i-PS-ELFEXT, i-Atten, kunye nokuxhasa izicelo ze-duplex;Okwangoku, inxalenye enkulu yeentambo zenethiwekhi zihlelwa njengeCandelo 5, ngakumbi ukusetyenziswa kwethu.
Iintlobo ezintandathu zeentambo zenethiwekhi: Icala langaphandle lentambo yenethiwekhi iphawulwe ngeCAT.I-6, kunye ne-frequency transmission frequency ye-250MHz kunye nesantya esiphezulu sokudluliselwa kwe-1Gbps, ifanelekile kwiinethiwekhi zegigabit.I-comprehensive attenuation to crosstalk ratio (PS-ACR) yeCandelo le-6 leenkqubo ze-cabling kufuneka zibe nomda obalulekileyo kwi-200MHz, ukubonelela ngokuphindwe kabini i-bandwidth yeCandelo 5. Ukusebenza kokuhanjiswa kweCandelo 6 i-cabling iphezulu kakhulu kunemigangatho yeCandelo 5, okwenza yeyona ifanelekileyo kwizicelo ezinamazinga othumelo aphezulu kune-1Gbps.
I-Super Category 6 intambo yenethiwekhi: Icala langaphandle lentambo yenethiwekhi iphawulwe nge-CAT.6e okanye i-CAT6A, kunye ne-frequency transmission frequency ye-500MHz kunye ne-speed transmission ye-10Gbps, efanelekileyo ukusetyenziswa kwi-10 Gigabit networks.Oku kwenza i-Super Category 6 iintambo zothungelwano zibe zimbini ezijijekileyo ezithandwayo kwiinkqubo ze-cabling, kunye nokusebenza okuphezulu kwe-Super Category 6 i-twisted pair cables ihlangabezana kakhulu neemfuno ze-bandwidth ye-high-speed bandwidth yamaziko edatha.
Udidi lwe-7 / I-Super Category 7 Ikhebula yeNethiwekhi: Icala langaphandle lentambo yenethiwekhi iphawulwe nge-CAT7 okanye i-CAT7A, kunye ne-frequency transmission frequency ye-600 / 1000MHz kunye nezinga lokudluliselwa kwe-10Gbps.Undoqo weCandelo 7 ngokubanzi lwenziwe ngocingo lobhedu olunobunzima obumalunga ne-0.57mm, oluyi-high-purity oxygen free copper.Oku kuqinisekisa ukuchasana kwe-ultra-low, okwenza ukuhanjiswa kwexesha elide kwaye umqondiso uzinzile.
ICandelo 8 Ikhebula yeNethiwekhi: I-Cat8 Category 8 Ikhebula yeNethiwekhi sisizukulwana samva nje se-double shielded (SFTP) i-jumper yenethiwekhi, enamabini amabini ocingo, inokuxhasa i-bandwidth ye-2000MHz, kwaye inezinga lokudlulisela ukuya kwi-40Gb / s.Ukongeza, intambo yenethiwekhi yeCat8 inokuhambelana nazo zonke iintambo ze-RJ45 kwaye yenzelwe ngokukodwa izicelo ze-25/40GBASE-T.Nangona kunjalo, umgama wayo wokuhambisa umfutshane, kuphela i-30m, okwenza ukuba ifaneleke ngokukodwa ukudibanisa iiseva, iiswitshi, izakhelo zokusasaza, kunye nezinye izixhobo kumaziko eenkcukacha ezimfutshane.
Ngokumalunga nokuba kukhuselwe na:
Iintambo zenethiwekhiziphinde zohlulwe zibe zimbini ezijijekileyo ezikhuselweyo (STP) kunye nesibini esijijekileyo esingakhuselekanga (UTP).
Izibini eziJikiweyo eziKhuselweyo (STP):
Umaleko wangaphandle usongelwe kwisixhobo sesinyithi, ngokuqhelekileyo ifoyile yealuminiyam, ukunciphisa imitha kunye nokuthintela ulwazi ukuba luvalwe.Ngelo xesha, inezinga eliphezulu lokudluliselwa kwedatha, kodwa ixabiso liphezulu, kwaye ukufakela kwakhona kunzima.
Izibini eziJikiwe ezingakhuselekanga (UTP):
I-UTP ayinamathiriyeli yokukhusela isinyithi, kuphela umaleko omnye wezinto zokugquma ezisongelwe ngeenxa zonke, ezinexabiso eliphantsi kwaye zibhetyebhetye kuthungelwano.Ngaphandle kwezihlandlo ezithile ezikhethekileyo (ezifana neendawo ezinemitha ye-electromagnetic eyingozi), i-UTP isetyenziswa ngokubanzi.I-UTP ikwayeyona ntambo yenethiwekhi isetyenziswa kakhulu kusetyenziso lwasekhaya.
Indawo yokusetyenziswa kweentambo zothungelwano lwaselwandle inzima noko, inenqanaba eliphezulu lokuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic.Ngokubanzi, kukho iimfuno eziphezulu zokukhusela, ezinokwahlulwa ngokwezi ntlobo zilandelayo ngokusekwe kwiscreen esipheleleyo kunye nescreen esisezantsi:
I-F / UTP: I-aluminium yangaphandle ye-foil yesikrini esipheleleyo, akukho khuselo phakathi kwee-wire pairs;I-CAT5E kunye ne-CAT6 zisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo.
I-SF/UTP: Icwecwe lobhedu lwangaphandle olulukwa ngefoyile ye-aluminium jikelele, akukho zikhuselo phakathi kwezibini zocingo, ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwi-CAT6.
I-S / FTP: I-copper wire braid shielding yangaphandle, ibini ukudibanisa i-aluminium foil shielding, i-high shielding effect, i-CAT6A nangaphezulu iya kusebenzisa esi sakhiwo.
2.Ukwahluka kwiintambo zenethiwekhi zaselwandle
Xa kuthelekiswa neentambo zothungelwano zomhlaba, iintambo zothungelwano zaselwandle zineyantlukwano ebalulekileyo kwindawo yazo yofakelo nokusetyenziswa kwayo.Umzekelo, indawo engqonge i-electromagnetic ebhodini inzima, indawo imxinwa, ukufuma komoya kunye netyuwa iphezulu, i-ultraviolet radiation yangaphandle yomelele, indawo yongcoliseko lwe-oyile iphezulu, iimfuno zokuthintela umlilo ziphezulu, indawo yokwakha ilukhuni. , kwaye kunzima ukuphuma kwimeko yeengozi, ezineemfuno eziphezulu zentsebenzo eyahlukeneyo yeentambo.
Iintambo zenethiwekhi zaselwandle ziyilwe ngokubanzi ngokwe-IEC 61156-5/6 standard.I-IEC 61156-5 ilungele ukubekelwa umgama omde othe tye, ubukhulu becala kusetyenziswa ii-conductor eziziintloko eziqinileyo, ngokuthembeka komqhubi olungileyo kunye nomgama omde kunye nozinzile ngakumbi wokuhambisa umqondiso.I-IEC 61156-6 ilungele iindawo zokusebenza, ezinje ngeendawo zegumbi lekhompyuter, apho ii-conductor ezijijekileyo zisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo, ukwenza iintambo zibe bhetyebhetye kwaye zilungele ukubeka indawo emxinwa yomgama omfutshane.Ihlala isetyenziselwa ukuxhuma.
Uluhlu olubanzi lwemisebenzi yeenqanawa lubekwe phezu kolwandle.Xa kuthe kwatsha, kuba nzima ukuba abantu baphume, yaye iintambo ziyatsha.Umsi obangelwa kukutsha unokubangela ingozi enkulu kwimpilo yabantu.Ukunciphisa ingozi yeengozi zomlilo, iintambo zothungelwano lwaselwandle zihlala zisebenzisa umsi ophantsi kunye ne-halogen-free (LSZH) i-pololefin ebuyisela idangatye njengesixhobo esingaphandle sesheath, ihlangabezana neemfuno ze-IEC60332 zokunqanda umlilo kunye nomsi ophantsi kunye neemfuno ze-halogen-free. ye-IEC 60754-1/2 kunye ne-IEC 61034-1/2.Kwezinye iimeko ezikhethekileyo, iintambo ezinokumelana nomlilo kunye namazinga aphezulu okukhusela ziya kusetyenziswa, kwaye izinto ezichasene nomlilo ezifana ne-mica tape ziya kongezwa ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokuchasana nomlilo ze-IEC60331, ukuqinisekisa ukuba nangemva komlilo, Isekethe inokusebenza kwakhona. ngokwesiqhelo kwisithuba sexesha elithile, ngokwenza njalo kunyuswa ukhuseleko lobomi babantu kunye nepropathi.
Kwezinye iindawo ezikhethekileyo zaselwandle, ezinje ngamaqonga okucoca i-oyile elunxwemeni (ii-FPSOs), ii-dredgers ezinkulu, njl.Ukuze kuphuculwe ngokufanelekileyo amandla e-sheath yangaphandle yentambo, i-polyolefin edibeneyo (SHF2) okanye i-substance resistant (SHF2 MUD) kufuneka isetyenziswe.I-Crosslinking polyolefins yindlela ye-irradiation yomzimba okanye i-chemical reaction crosslinking, ephucula ukusebenza kwe-pololefins kwaye ibenze babe nobomi obude benkonzo kunye neempawu ezingcono zomzimba emva kokuwela.I-polyolefin exhathisa udaka ibhekisa kwi-polyolefin edityaniswe ngokunqamlezileyo ekwazi ukumelana nokugqwala okuqinileyo kunye nokumelana nokunxitywa, okwenza ukuba iintambo zikwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokuxhathisa udaka zokuchazwa kwe-NEK 606.Ukuze kuphuculwe ngakumbi ukusebenza komatshini wentambo, isikrweqe sentsimbi siya kongezwa kwintambo, efana nesikrweqe esilukiweyo sentsimbi (GSWB), isikrweqe esilukiweyo socingo lobhedu (TCWB), njl. Intambo iya kuba namandla angcono oomatshini, ngaloo ndlela ikhusela ngconointambo yenethiwekhikunye nokunciphisa ukwenzeka koxinzelelo kunye nokuqhekeka koxinzelelo.Kwangaxeshanye, isikrweqe sesinyithi sinokudlala indima ethile yokukhusela ngokuchasene nokuphazamiseka kwemagnethi yangaphandle, ukuphucula imfezeko yokuhanjiswa kwedatha.
Ukwengeza,iintambo zenethiwekhi zaselwandlezifunwa ngokubanzi ukuba zinganyangeki kwi-UV (oko kukuthi, ukumelana ne-UV).Kuba iinqanawa kunye neendawo zaselwandle zinelanga elaneleyo, i-UV eyomeleleyo, kunye neentambo eziqhelekileyo kulula ukukhula, iintambo zaselwandle ziya kusebenzisa izibane ze-xenon okanye isitshizi samanzi ngokwemigangatho ye-UL1581/ASTM G154-16 ukuvelisa kwakhona ifuthe lemozulu yeentambo ezivezwe elangeni nasemvuleni. ngexesha lokusetyenziswa kwangempela, ukwenzela ukuvavanya amandla okulwa nokuguga kweentambo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-26-2023