Ngokuthuthuka komphakathi wanamuhla, inethiwekhi isiyingxenye ebalulekile yokuphila kwabantu, futhi ukudluliswa kwezimpawu zenethiwekhi akukwazi ukuhlukaniswa nezintambo zenethiwekhi (okubizwa ngokuthi izintambo zenethiwekhi).Umsebenzi wemikhumbi nolwandle uyinkimbinkimbi yesimanje yezimboni ehamba olwandle, ene-automation ekhulayo nobuhlakani, kanye nezindawo zokusebenzisa eziyinkimbinkimbi.Izidingo zezintambo zenethiwekhi ziphakeme ngokwemvelo kunalezo zezindawo ezisemhlabeni.Namuhla, ngizokwethula kafushane izintambo zenethiwekhi yomkhumbi nezasolwandle kuwo wonke umuntu.
Ikhebuli yenethiwekhi esikhuluma ngayo ivamise ukubhangqa elisontekile.I-conductor yekhebula lenethiwekhi iyithusi, inamakhondaktha anemicu eminingi kanye namakhondaktha aqinile anemicu eyodwa.Amakhondaktha ethusi ane-PE noma i-PO insulation yengezwe, asontelwe ngokuphambene newashi ngamapheya, bese esongwa abe yikhebula ngamapheya amane ezintambo.Uhlaka lwamathambo oluphambanayo, ungqimba oluvikelayo, intambo yokukhipha amanzi, kanye nongqimba lokuluka luyangezwa njengoba kudingeka, futhi ekugcineni umkhono ovikelayo uyakhishwa ukuze uqedele ukukhiqizwa.
1.Ukuhlukaniswa kwekhebula lenethiwekhi
Izintambo zenethiwekhi ezivame ukusetshenziswa zingahlukaniswa zibeI-CAT5E(izigaba ezinhlanu eziphezulu), i-CAT6 (izigaba eziyisithupha), i-CAT6A (izigaba eziyisithupha eziphezulu), i-CAT7 (izigaba eziyisikhombisa), i-CAT7A (izigaba eziyisikhombisa eziphezulu), i-CAT8 (izigaba eziyisishiyagalombili), phakathi kwazo:
Ikhebula lenethiwekhi ye-Super Class 5: Uhlangothi lwangaphandle lwekhebula lenethiwekhi luphawulwe nge-CAT.5e, nemvamisa yokudlulisela engu-100MHz kanye nezinga eliphezulu lokudlulisela elingu-1000Mbps, elifanele amanethiwekhi egigabit.Ukuba nokusebenza okungcono kunemigqa Yekilasi 5, ukuthuthukisa izinkomba ezifana ne-NEXT, PS-ELFEXT, Atten, nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezisekela i-duplex;Njengamanje, ingxenye enkulu yezintambo zenethiwekhi ihlukaniswa njengeSigaba 5, ikakhulukazi ukuze sizisebenzise thina.
Izinhlobo eziyisithupha zezintambo zenethiwekhi: Uhlangothi olungaphandle lwekhebula yenethiwekhi luphawulwe nge-CAT.6, enemvamisa yokudlulisela ephezulu engu-250MHz kanye nezinga eliphezulu lokudlulisela elingu-1Gbps, elifanele amanethiwekhi egigabit.I-comprehensive attenuation to crosstalk ratio (PS-ACR) yeSigaba 6 sezinhlelo zekhebula kufanele ibe nemajini ebalulekile ku-200MHz, ihlinzeke ngokuphindwe kabili komkhawulokudonsa weSigaba 5. Ukusebenza kokudluliswa kwekhebula kweSigaba 6 kuphakeme kakhulu kunalokho kwamazinga eSigaba 5, okwenza yiyona efaneleka kakhulu ezinhlelweni zokusebenza ezinamazinga okudlulisela aphezulu kuno-1Gbps.
Ikhebula lenethiwekhi le-Super Category 6: Uhlangothi lwangaphandle lwekhebula yenethiwekhi luphawulwe nge-CAT.6e noma i-CAT6A, enemvamisa yokudlulisela engu-500MHz kanye nesivinini sokudlulisa esingu-10Gbps, esilungele ukusetshenziswa kumanethiwekhi ayi-10 Gigabit.Lokhu kwenza izintambo zenethiwekhi ze-Super Category 6 zibe amapheya asontekile adume kakhulu kumasistimu ekhebula, futhi ukusebenza okuphezulu kwezintambo ezisontekile ze-Super Category 6 kuhlangabezana kakhulu nezimfuneko zomkhawulokudonsa wesivinini esikhulu zezikhungo zedatha.
Ikhebula Lenethiwekhi Yesigaba 7/Isigaba Esiphezulu Sesigaba 7: Uhlangothi lwangaphandle lwekhebula yenethiwekhi imakwe nge-CAT7 noma i-CAT7A, enemvamisa yokudlulisela engu-600/1000MHz kanye nezinga lokudlulisela elingu-10Gbps.Umnyombo weSigaba 7 ngokuvamile wenziwe ngocingo lwethusi olunogqinsi olucishe lube ngu-0.57mm, okuyithusi elingenawo umoya-mpilo ophezulu.Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukumelana ne-ultra-low, okwenza ukudluliselwa kube isikhathi eside futhi isignali zizinzile.
Isigaba 8 Ikhebula Yenethiwekhi: I-Cat8 Ikhebula Lenethiwekhi isizukulwane sakamuva se-double shielded (SFTP) network jumper, enamapheya ezintambo ezimbili, engakwazi ukusekela umkhawulokudonsa ongu-2000MHz, futhi inezinga lokudlulisela elifika ku-40Gb/s.Ngaphezu kwalokho, intambo yenethiwekhi ye-Cat8 ingahambisana nazo zonke izintambo ze-RJ45 futhi yakhelwe ngokuqondile izinhlelo zokusebenza ezingu-25/40GBASE-T.Kodwa-ke, ibanga layo lokudlulisela lifushane, lingama-30m kuphela, okuyenza ifaneleke ikakhulukazi ukuxhuma amaseva, amaswishi, amafreyimu okusabalalisa, namanye amadivaysi ezikhungweni zedatha zamabanga amafushane.
Ngokusho kokuthi kuvikeleke:
Izintambo zenethiwekhiaphinde ahlukaniswe abe amapheya asontekile avikelekile (STP) kanye namapheya asontekile angavikelekile (UTP).
Ibhangqa Elisontekile Elivikelekile (STP):
Isendlalelo sangaphandle sisongwe ngensimbi, ngokuvamile eyi-aluminium foil, ukuze kuncishiswe imisebe futhi kuvinjwe ukwaziswa ukuthi kulalele.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, inezinga eliphezulu lokudlulisa idatha, kodwa intengo iphezulu, futhi ukufakwa nakho kuyinkimbinkimbi.
Ukubhangqa Okusontekile Okungavikelwe (UTP):
I-UTP ayinazo izinto ezivikela insimbi, ungqimba olulodwa kuphela lwento efakwayo ezungezwe, eshibhile futhi eguquguqukayo ekuxhumekeni kwenethiwekhi.Ngaphandle kwezikhathi ezithile ezikhethekile (njengezindawo ezinemisebe kagesi enamandla), i-UTP ngokuvamile isetshenziswa.I-UTP futhi ikhebula lenethiwekhi elisetshenziswa kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwasekhaya.
Indawo esetshenziswayo yezintambo zenethiwekhi yasolwandle iyinkimbinkimbi uma iqhathaniswa, inezinga eliphakeme lokuphazanyiswa nguzibuthe kagesi.Ngokuvamile, kunezidingo eziphezulu zokuvikela, ezingahlukaniswa zibe izinhlobo ezilandelayo ngokusekelwe kusikrini sonke kanye nesikrini esincane:
I-F/UTP: Isikrini sonke se-aluminium foil yangaphandle, akukho sivikelo phakathi kwamapheya ezintambo;I-CAT5E ne-CAT6 zivame ukusetshenziswa.
I-SF/UTP: Isikrini sisonke secwecwe lensimbi yethusi eleluka i-aluminium, akukho sivikelo phakathi kwamapheya ezintambo, esivame ukusetshenziswa ku-CAT6.
I-S/FTP: Isivikelo se-copper wire braid yangaphandle, ukubhanqa ukuze kubhanqwe isivikelo se-aluminium foil, umphumela omuhle wokuvikela, i-CAT6A nangaphezulu izosebenzisa lesi sakhiwo.
2.Umehluko ezintanjeni zenethiwekhi zasolwandle
Uma kuqhathaniswa nezintambo zenethiwekhi yomhlaba, izintambo zenethiwekhi yasolwandle zinokuhluka okukhulu endaweni yazo yokufaka nokusetshenziswa.Isibonelo, indawo ka-electromagnetic ebhodini iyinkimbinkimbi, isikhala sincane, umswakama womoya kanye nosawoti kuphezulu, imisebe ye-ultraviolet yangaphandle inamandla, indawo yokungcoliswa kukawoyela iphezulu, izidingo zokuvimbela umlilo ziphezulu, indawo yokwakha inokhahlo. , futhi kunzima ukuphuma uma kwenzeka izingozi, ezinezidingo eziphakeme zokusebenza okuhlukahlukene kwezintambo.
Izintambo zenethiwekhi yasolwandle ngokuvamile ziklanywa ngokwezinga le-IEC 61156-5/6.I-IEC 61156-5 ilungele ukubeka okuvundlile okude, ikakhulukazi kusetshenziswa amakhondatha aqinile, anobuqotho be-conductor obuhle kanye nebanga elide nelizinzile lokudlulisa isignali.I-IEC 61156-6 ifanele izindawo zokusebenza, njengendawo yegumbi lekhompiyutha, lapho amakhondatha asontekile evame ukusetshenziswa khona, okwenza izintambo zigobe kakhudlwana futhi zifanele ukubeka indawo encane ebangeni elifushane.Ivame ukusetshenziselwa ama-jumpers.
Uhla olujwayelekile lwemisebenzi yemikhumbi lusendaweni yolwandle.Uma kuqubuka umlilo kuba nzima ukuthi abantu baphume, namakhebuli ayavutha.Intuthu ekhiqizwa ukusha ingabangela umonakalo omkhulu empilweni yomuntu.Ukuze kuncishiswe ukulimala kwezingozi zomlilo, izintambo zenethiwekhi yasolwandle ngokuvamile zisebenzisa intuthu ephansi kanye ne-halogen-free (LSZH) i-pololefin ye-flame retardant njengempahla yangaphandle ye-sheath, ehlangabezana nezidingo ze-IEC60332 ze-flame-retadant kanye nentuthu ephansi nezidingo ze-halogen. ye-IEC 60754-1/2 kanye ne-IEC 61034-1/2.Kwezinye izimo ezikhethekile, izintambo ezingashi emlilweni ezinamazinga aphezulu okuvikela zizosetshenziswa, futhi izinto ezingashi njenge-mica tape zizongezwa ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokumelana nomlilo ze-IEC60331, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ngisho nangemva komlilo, Isekethe ingasebenza futhi. ngokuvamile isikhathi esithile, ngaleyo ndlela kukhulisa ukuphepha kwezimpilo zabantu kanye nempahla.
Kwezinye izindawo ezikhethekile zasolwandle, njengezinkundla zokucwenga uwoyela ogwini (ama-FPSO), ama-dredger amakhulu, njll., izintambo zidinga ukuthintana isikhathi eside nenhlabathi, udaka lukawoyela, nezinto ezinhlobonhlobo ezonakalisayo.Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ngempumelelo amandla wesheath yangaphandle yekhebula, izintambo ze-polyolefin ezixhumene (SHF2) noma ezimelana nodaka (SHF2 MUD) kufanele zisetshenziswe.I-Crosslinking polyolefins iyindlela yokukhanya okubonakalayo noma i-chemical reaction crosslinking, ethuthukisa ukusebenza kwe-polyolefin futhi ibenze babe nempilo ende yesevisi kanye nezakhiwo zomzimba ezingcono ngemva kokuphambana.I-polyolefin exhumene nodaka ekwazi ukumelana nodaka isho i-polyolefin exhumene kakhulu enokumelana nokugqwala okuqinile nokumelana nokugqokwa, okwenza izintambo zihlangabezane nezidingo zokumelana nodaka zokucaciswa kwe-NEK 606.Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kwekhebula, izikhali zensimbi nazo zizokwengezwa kukhebula, njengezivikelo ezilukiwe ngocingo lwensimbi oluyinsimbi (GSWB), izembatho zempi ezilukiwe ngocingo lwethusi (TCWB), njll. Ngemva kokwengeza izembatho zempi zensimbi, Ikhebula lizoba namandla angcono okusebenza, ngaleyo ndlela ivikele kangconoikhebula lenethiwekhikanye nokunciphisa ukuvela kokucindezelwa nokuqhekeka kwengcindezi.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izembatho zempi zensimbi nazo zingadlala indima ethile yokuvikela ngokumelene nokuphazamiseka kwamagnetic kwangaphandle, ukuthuthukisa ubuqotho bokudluliswa kwedatha.
Ngaphezu kwalokho,izintambo zenethiwekhi zasolwandleNgokuvamile kudingeka ukuthi zingamelani ne-UV (okungukuthi, ukumelana ne-UV).Njengoba imikhumbi nezindawo zasolwandle zinelanga elanele, i-UV enamandla, nezintambo ezijwayelekile kulula ukuguga, izintambo zasolwandle zizosebenzisa amalambu e-xenon noma isifutho samanzi ngokwezindinganiso ze-UL1581/ASTM G154-16 ukukhiqiza kabusha umphumela wesimo sezulu wezintambo ezichayeka elangeni nasemvuleni. ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa kwangempela, ukuze kuhlolwe ikhono lokulwa nokuguga lezintambo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-26-2023